Honing machine



Jan. 25 T938. EA. M10ml-1Ns'oN IIIONING MACHINE Filed aan. :2a. 21.955

n WENTOQ/ /er/c/ 0/7/750 B CATTOQN 55s mm u om o Patented Jan. 25, 1938 UNITED STATES HONIN G MACHINE Albert M. Johnson, Rockford, Ill., assignor to Barnes Drill Company, Rockford, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application January 28, 1'935, Serial No. 3,714

23 Claims.

This invention relates to honing machines for producing a Very smooth, true nish ony the internal cylindrical walls of tubes or cylinders, and has especial reference to an improved machine of this character particularly adapted to operate on the internal surfaces of relatively long tubes disposed in horizontal positions.

'I'heoperation of honing the internal cylindrical surface of a tube or cylinder consists generally in simultaneously rotating and reciprocating a honing tool within the same. The nature of this work is such that the reciprocating movement of the tool should be very smooth and with a quick and shockless change of direction at each,

end of the stroke. Hydraulically actuated means,

usually taking the form of a cylinder and piston, have been found to meet these conditions satisfactorily in machines designed to operate on relatively short work pieces. Inthe case of machines for operatingr on very long work pieces such as large gun barrels, however, the use of the usual cylinder and piston reciprocating means is impractical because of the large amount of space it requires. With this in view it is one object of the invention to provide a honing machine capable of operating on work pieces of great length which embodies a reciprocating drive means having operating characteristics comparable with those of hydraulic cylinder and piston means but occupying considerably less space.

Another object of the inventionis the provision of a novel and efficient means for supporting the spindle carriage upon the Ways in a manner which entirely eliminates any possibility of vertical movement of the carriage while oiering a Y minimum amount of frictional resistance to its supporting the honing tool in retracted position and for effectively guiding the tool into and out vof the work piece.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that many changes in form, construction and arrangement may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

' cating drive mechanism.

' trated herein comprises an elongated frame one Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 1a is a side view of the spring plunger mechanism provided for maintaining the recip- 5 rocation controlling mechanism in proper posi- Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of the machine showing parts of the recipro- Fig. 3 is a vertical-sectional View taken approximately in .the plane of line 3-3 of Fig. land illustrating a. portionof the control mechanism.

` Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the spindle carriage supporting means, the view being taken approximately in the plane of line 4--4 of Fig. 2. I

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional View of the tool supporting sleeve and illustrating the tool and a` portion of the spindle in retracted position.

Fig. 6 is a view, partly" in section, taken approximately in .the plane of line 6 6 of Fig. 2 and illustrating parts of the spindle carriage re-. ciprocating mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a, schematic representation of the various electrical and hydraulic circuits and their relationship with the mechanical operating and control means of the machine.

Generally stated,- the honing machine as illusend of which is provided with a horizontally disposed track or ways upon which a spindle head or carriage is movably supported. Smooth, shockless reciprocating movement is imparted to the spindle carriage by means of cables attached to the carriage and wound in opposite directions on a drum driven through a speed reducing gearl train by a reversible fluid motor. As a. means of conserving space, the drum is preferablycarried in a housing attached to one end of the frame and, 40 the fluid motor and driving gears are disposed at one side of the frame adjacent the housing. The driving cables are disposed within the frame and are attached to the underside of the carriage. The latter is effectually supported and guided for horizontal movement by four depend'- ing spool shaped rollers. These rollers engage in pairs with the respective members comprising the ways and provide for substantially frictionless horizontal movement of the carriage on theways.

At the end of Athe frame opposite the drum is provided means for supportinga work piece -in operative relation to a tool and spindle carried by the spindle carriage; also'V a teol supportin'g 55 v` and guiding sleeve and a coolant directing means. As a further means of conserving space, provision is made for accommodating a coolant settling tank, filter and reservoir or sump Within the portion of the frame devoted to supporting the work. l

More specifically described, the machine Vherein disclosed comprises an elongated horizontally disposed frame consisting of a main bed I and a work supporting bed 2 which is bolted or otherwise attached to one end of the main bed. The main bed is constructed in the form of a rectangular box-like structure with vertically disposed side walls 3 and end walls 4. Side walls 3 terminate at their upper edges in integrally formed inwardly extending flanges 5 (Fig. 4) which serve as protecting shields for certain of the parts and equipmentdocated within the bed. Underlying the flanges of the respective side walls are supported a pair of cylindrical rods 6 extending longitudinally of the bed and forming tracks or ways for a tool spindle head or carriage to be described hereinafter and generally designated by the reference character 1. The rods 6 which are disposed horizontally and parallel to each other are rigidly secured to the spacing blocks 8 which, in turn, are firmly bolted or otherwise attached to the walls 3.

The spindle carriage 1 (Figs. 1 and 2) comprises generally a horizontally disposed base member 9 with depending flanges I0 along each side overhanging the sides 3 of the main bed.

At one end of the base member is an upwardly projecting housing II within which are enclosed the change speed gears for driving a spindle I2. The spindle I2.is journaled in centrally disposed bearings (not shown) formed on the underside of member 9. The gear housing and rear spindle bearing 4are closed by a removable cover plate I3 which provides access thereto for the inspection or lubrication of the enclosed parts. A drive shaft I4 for the gearmechanism extends outwardly through a bearing I5 formed on the housing II and is connected by a coupling I6 with the shaft of an electric motor I1 supported on the member 9. Current is supplied to the motor over conductors forming a flexible cable I8 which is connected to the motor through a rigid arm comprising a bushing I9elbow 20, conduit 2| and outlet box 22.

The spindle .carriage is movably supported on the ways by four spool shaped rollers 23 (Figs. 2 and 4) which are carried by depending studs 24 set in the underside of the base member 9. Each roller consists of a hollow, inverted, generally cone shaped bearing member 25 having a cylindrical depending extension 26 telescoping into the hollow interior portion of a second generally cone shaped bearing member 21. The rollers 23 are supported at their upper and lower ends by conventional anti-friction bearings each comprising a series of steel balls 28. The balls comprising the upper bearing are disposed between an inner ball race 29 which abuts against a shoulder 39 formed on the stud 24 and an outer ball race 3l which abuts against a shoulder formed on the interior surface of the member 25.

The balls comprising the lower bearing are disposed between an inner ball race 32 and an outer ball race 33. The ballrace 32 abuts against a supporting lring 33 positioned on the stud 24. The outer ball race 33 is provided with an outwardly extending shoulder which overhangs the lower edge of member 21. A lock nut 34 engaging threads formed on the lower portion of stud 24 maintains the member 21 and its lower bearing in place on the stud and rovides for the vertical adjustment of the mem er for purposes to be described hereinafter. The nut and lower bearing are enclosed by a cup-shaped cover member 35 bolted or otherwise attached to the lower side of member 21. of the rollers are protected by oil retaining rings 36 of conventional design.

The bearing structure, above described, supports the spindle carriage 1 for horizontal reciprocating movement on the ways formed by guide members 6.. The weight of the carriage is carried by the members 25 whose downwardly facing inwardly sloping bearing surfaces rest upon the rods 6. Vertical movement of the carriage is prevented by the members 21 whose upwardly facing inwardly sloping bearing surfaces also engage the rods 6. The members 21 are adjusted with respect to members 25 so that a clamping effect is exerted on the guide members. This serves to prevent any vertical movement of the carriage and likewise to center the carriage on the ways. The carriage may be leveled up with respect to the ways by means of shlms 31 disposed between the stud shoulders 30 and the lower surface of the carriage base member 9.

The motor I1 rotates the tool spindle I2 through the medium of the change speed gear mechanism. This mechanism may be of any suitable type providing a selectively variable gear train whereby the spindle can be rotated at any one of a number of dierent speeds. The spin dle is provided at its free end with a socket for holding a honing tool 38 (Fig. 5) with which the honing operation is performed.

The honing tool 38 shown in Fig. 5, may be of any desired construction and generally comprises a series of elongated circumferentially spaced honing stones 39 arranged in a suitable retaining head 40 provided with interiorly disposed adjusting means permitting expansion and contraction of the stones within a limited range of diameter. To protect the stones from injurious contact with the work piece when the tool is being inserted or removed, the head 49 is also provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced rigidly secured ber guide members 4I disposed intermediate the honing stones 39. The honing tool as used in the present construction is provided'with a rearwardly extending tubular shank 42 the free end of which is detachably secured in the spindle socket. Knurled gripping members 43 on the Shank provide means for setting and locking the stone adjusting means through the medium of mechanism (not shown) disposed within the tubular shank. The shank also carries a serrated ber supporting ring 44 which serves as a support for the tool in its movement toward and from retracted position, as will be explained hereinafter.

The honing operation, as hereinbefore explained, consists in simultaneously rotating `and reciprocating the honing tool in the work piece. Rotation of the tool is effected by the spindle rotating motor I 1 and gear train above described. The reciprocating motion is imparted to the tool by reciprocating the spindle carriage and tool supporting spindle. It will be appreciated that in honing a horizontally disposed cylinder, uniform, smooth reciprocation of the tool is necessary to obtain a true surface. Further, th-e change in direction of motion at each end of the stroke must be effected quickly and without shock The upper bearings so that the surface at these points will receive substantially the same amount of honing as at intermediate points. To this end a novel and effective carriage driving mechanism in the form of a drum and cable arrangement has -been pro vided.

The driving mechanism comprises generally a spirally grooved drum (Figs. 2 and 6) mounted in an enclosing housing` 46 and operatively connected to the spindle carriage. The drum is integral with or rigidly supported on a' shaft 41 disposed transversely of the main bed the shaft being suitably journaled in bearings 48 in the ends of the housing 46. A spur gear 49, integral with the drum, meshes with a pinion 50 keyed to a shaft 5l extending .through an outwardly projecting journal member 52 on the housing into a gear box 53. To the gearbox end of the shaft 5| is keyed a worm gear 54 which meshes with a worm 55 keyed to the drive shaft of a rotary fluid motor 56.

The fluid motor 56 may be of any suitable and well known type adapted for quick reversal. The

motor is connected to a pressure fluid pump 5'! I '(Figs. 2 and 7) of well known construction through a hydraulic circuit in which a stop valve 58 and a reversing Vvalve 59, to be described later,y

areinterposed. The pressure fluid pump is driven by an electric motor 60 through an over-load release mechanism 6|. Thenuid motor, pump and driving motor are supported on a sub-base 62 vadjacent and. preferably attached to one side of the main bed I. A surplus uid sump 63 shown in Fig. 7 may be located within the sub-base.

The above described drive mechanism serves to drive the cable drum 45 in either direction as required and, through its connection with the spindle carriage, to impart reciprocatory movements to the latter. Said connection comprises two exible cables, 64 and 65, attached to the drum so that when the drum rotates in one direction, one cable is wound up and the other cable is payed out. One end of the cable 64 is anchored tothe drum at 66 and the other end is anchored toa lug 61 formed on the underside of the spindle carriage 1 as shown in Fig. 2. One end of cable is anchored to the drum at'68 and the other end, after passing over a sheave 69 is anchored to the lug 61 bymeans of a threaded rod 10 provided for the purpose of adjusting the tension of the cable. The sheave 69 is provided with a shaft 1| supported in a bearing formed in one end of a lever 12 which is pivoted at 13 on a bracket 1li-bolted or otherwise attached to the end wall of main bed to the other end of lever 12 is a vmember-'I5 extending substantially horizontally through an aperture in the channel member -16 which is rigidly attached tothe sides of the main bed.' A compression spring 11 bearing at one end upon the inner face of member16 and at the other end upon a retaining ring 18 secured to member 15 by a nut 19, exerts its force on lever 12 tending to rotate the lever on its pivot and increase the distance between the sheave 69 and drum 45. 'I'his serves to take up any slack in cable 65 and maintains the cable under uniform tension. It also provides a cushioning eiect which tends to lessen or substantially eliminate any shock incident to the change in the direction of movement ofthe spindle carriage.

Referring now toFig. 1, it will be noted that `the work supporting bed 2 is offset vertically with respect to the main bed I. This is to provide suffto hold a tool guiding sleeve 9|.

Pivotally attached when desired on cylinders having relatively large diameters. The upper face of. the bed 2 comprises a platen which carries a pair of suitable work holding members which are preferably adjustable to accommodate cylinders of different diameters. To permit the most advantageous positioning of the work holders 80 with respect tothe work, the holders are preferably clamped to the platen by means of bolts extending through longitudinally disposed slots therein.

Adjacent the rear end of the bed 2 and attached to the top face thereof is an upwardly extending member 8| formed to receive one end of a cylinder 82 constituting the work piece and to abut against the same in substantially liquid tight contact. A duct 8|a (Figi)l formed within the member 8| provides a passage through which coolant delivered through the conduit 83 is directed into the cylinder 82.

Adjacent the other end of the bed`2 and centered on the face thereof is an upwardly extending longitudinally disposed U-shaped bracket 84 (Fig. 1) having flanges 85 at each end for attachment to the bed. A The upper end of the member 84 is formed to provide ways 86 (Fig. 5) for a tool supporting and guide member 81. The member 81 comprises generally a base portion 88 formed to ride on the ways86 and having a depending portion overhanging the Ways and terminating in teeth constituting a downwardly facing rack i 89. The member 81 is also provided with upwardly extending clamping members 90 designed The sleeve is preferably in the form of a hollow tube having peripheral shoulders 92 designed to fit in the clamping members. One end of the sleeve is beveled so` that an inwardly sloping surface is presented to the work piece 82. The sleeve is moved into abutment with and retracted from the work piece by means of a manually operable crank 23 which controls a pinion 94 engaging the rack 09. For locking the sleeve in place, a manually operated locking screw 95 is provided.

It will be further noted that the work sup'- porting bed 2 provides a housing within which the coolant storage and filtering equipment may be conveniently disposed as shown in. Fig. 1. The coolant equipment includes a settling tank 96 lto vwhich coolant is returned from the work piece through a screened aperture 91 in the face of the bed. Coolant is discharged from the tank 96 onto .a removable filter 98 which removes dirt or purpose are grouped for convenient handling at va point near the center or" and on the front of thesupporting frame as shown in Fig. 1.

include a unitary manually operated means for startingv and stopping the' spindle driving motor |1 and the iiuid motor 56. This control means asI shown herein comprises a shaft |02 (Fig. 3)- disposed transversely of the axis of the main bed of the machine and journaled in spaced bearing members |03 threaded into opposite ends of a cylindrical passage through a sleeve member |04.

The shaft is lield in normal position by opposed These j compression springs |05 which bear on the inner faces of the respective members spaced collars |06 fast on the shaft. Stop collars |01, also fast on the shaft, are adapted to engage the outer faces of the respective membersY |03 and thereby limit the extent of longitudinal motion of the shaft. L

,The sleeve member |04 comprises a cylindrical body portion journaled for rotation in a bearing |08 extending through an aperture in and rigidly attached to wall 3 of the main bed I. The body portion terminates in a flange |09 providing a shoulder whichabuts against the outer rim of the bearing. Upon the outer face of the flange |09 is formed an outwardly extending rib which carries. a bearing stud in a position substantially perpendicular to the axis of the member |04. The upper portion of the rib4 |||J defines two upwardly facing, arcuate segments centered on the axis of the stud The rearmost segment is formed on a slightly longer radius than the forward segment and thus presents a shoulder ||2 which serves as a stop for limiting the movement of and defining a neutral position for a manual control lever ||3.

The control lever I3 (Fig. 3) comprises a base member ||4 having a transversely disposed bearing member ||5 adapted to receive the bearing stud upon which the lever is enabled to rock in a plane transversely of the longitudinal axis of the machine bed. A depending arm ||6 integral with the member ||4 defines two cam surfaces adapted to engage spaced stop collars fast on the shaft |02. Carried on the upwardly facing end of the member ||4 and offset slightly therefrom is a tubular extension member I8 and a grip member ||9. Within these members is disposed a stop pin normally held in engagement with the arcuate segments by a compression spring |2|. Manipulation of the grip member I9 relieves the spring tension thus withdrawing the pin |20 and permitting the movement of the control lever past the neutral point defined by the shoulder ||2. Thus, when the pin has been withdrawn from its stop position, the lever ||3 may be moved toward the right as viewed in Fig. 3, thereby causing the arm I6 to move shaft |02 to the left against the force o'f the left hand spring |05. Movement of .the lever in the opposite direction 4results in the movement of the shaft |02 to the right, the limit of movement in either direction being governed by the positioning of the stop collars |01. Moreover, lever movement in either direction results in the compression of one or the other of the springs |05 which tends to maintain the shaft |02 in a position corresponding to the neutral position of the lever ||3. Accordingly, the lever is automatically returned to neutral position after each operation as soon as the operator releases the same. The actuation of the control lever ||3 as above described reciprocates the shaft |02 and thereby effects the starting and stopping of the spindle driving motor I1. This shaft |02 is operatively attached to an extension member |22 journaled in a bearing |23 which extends through an aperture in and is rigidly attached to the rear wall 3 of the main bed The other end of the extension member |22 is operatively connected with a switch controlling member |25 adapted to actuate switch operatingpush buttons. In the present instance, the operative connection between the extension member |22`and the member |25 is provided by a peripheral groove |24 in one end of the extension member which engages with |03 and on of the switch operating push buttons |21 and' |28. When the shaft 02 is shiftedto the left as viewed in Fig. 3, the arm |26a will engage the start push button |21. Shifting the shaft |02 to the right brings the arm |26 into engagement with -the stop push button |28. These push buttons control circuits for the spindle motor I7 as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7 and aecordingly, the motor may be started by moving lever I3 toward the machine and may be stopped by moving the lever away from the machine. As a means of guar-ding against the accidental starting of the motor, the shoulder 2 prevents the movement of the lever past the neutral positiony without first releasing the stop pin.

The second controlling function of the control' mechanism above described is that of starting and stopping the fluid motor 56. This is accom-, plished through the medium of a link mechanism shown in Figs. 2, 3, and '7 which is actuated by the rotation of the sleeve member |04 when the lever ||3 is rocked in a plane parallel with the longitudinal axis of the machine. This mechanism as shown comprises a link member |29 (Fig. 2) pivotally attached at one end by a pin |30 to an upwardly extending arm |3| integrally formed with a split collar |32 clamped on the sleeve |04. The link is disposed within the main bed of the machine and its other end is pivotally attached to one arm of a bell crank lever |33. The lever |33 is pivotally supported to turn on a vertical axis on a transverse member |34 rigi-dly supported on the sides of frame I, and the other arm of the lever is attached to a transversely disposed link |35 (Fig. 7) which actuates the valve 58. The valve 58 which is preferably supported in a housing |36 carried on the-frame of the pump 5l consists generally of a cylinder |3'! within which a piston |38 reciprocates under control of the mechanism previously described. Pressure fluid is delivered by the pump 5l to the -valvethrough a duct |39 having two branches terminating in ports at each end of the valve. A duct connects the stop valve 58 with the reversing valve 59 and a duct |4| connects the valve with a return duct |42 leading to the sump 63.

To start the fluid motor and, incidentally, the reciprocation `of the spindle carriage, control lever ||3 is rocked in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. l. Arm 3| follows this movement and shifts link |29 to the left (Fig. 2) and the link, through the medium of the bell vcrank |33 and link' |35, effects the movement of the piston |38 (Fig. 7) toa position in which the ports for the lower branch of fluid pressure duct |39 and the discharge duct |4| are closed. Pressure fluid is accordingly delivered through the duct |40 to reversing valve 59 and thence to the fluid motor. When lever ||3 is rockedl in a clockwise direction, the motion of the link mechanism is reversed'and piston |38 is shifted to a position in 'which it covers the portsA for the upper branch of duct |39 and for duct |40. Pressure fluid is thereby delivered through the lower branch of duct |39 and ducts |4| and |42 to the sump 63 and the operation of the motor 56 is stopped.

'Ihe two positions of the control lever are defined by a yieldable detent device provided on the sleeve |04. 'I'his mechanism as shown herein comprises-a ball |43 which together with a compression spring |44 is disposed within a receptacle formed in an outwardly extending projection |45 on the flange |09. The spring urges the ball into depressions |46 provided in the shoulder of the bearing member |08 at the points corresponding to the start and stop position of the lever. This arrangement facilitates the correct positioning of the lever.

Additional manualcontrol elements provided include a start-stop push button switch |41 (Figs. l and 7) for controlling the operation of the pump motor 60. This switch is located on the side of the main bed adjacent the control lever ||3. Also included is a manual control of the reciprocating movement of the spindle carriage, provided by a lever |48 pivotally mounted on the side of the work supporting bed 2 and connected by a link and removable pin with a stop bar |49 to be described later. Further control of spindle carriage reciprocation is provided by a lever |50 also attached to the stop bar |49 and adapted to rotate the same for purposes to be described hereinafter.

While the reciprocating movement of the spindle carriage may be controlled manually as above stated; it is normally controlled automatically. The mechanism provided for this purpose in the present instance is generally similar to that disclosed in `United States Patent No. 1,945,044,

granted January 30, 1934, to A. M. Johnson and W. M. Fairbairn and comprises a cam plate |5| (Fig. 1) and `link |52 for actuating the reversing valve 59. The cam plate is disposed in a housing |53 supported on a bracket |54 attached to the main bed '(Fig. 1). The link extends from the cam plate to the valve 59 which is preferably enclosed in the housing |36 supported on the frame of the pump 51. The cam plate is actuated by the stop bar |49 which is supported on'the frame :Dy bearing members |55 and |56, the latter of which is adjustable. The stop bar is providedwith a front stop member |51, a rear stop member |58 and a pawl stop member |59, each of which is adjustable with respect to its position on the bar. 'Ihe front and rear stop members are preferably in the form of disk shaped collars and are adapted to engage a lug |60 depending from the spindle carriage 1. The pawl stop is designed to operatively engage the lug |60 only when contact is made therewith by the spindle carriage moving toward the retracted positions. K

With the spindle carriage in the retracted position shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the stop bar |49 will be in its extreme right position and the reversing valve will be set Iso that the cable drum will be rotated in the proper direction for moving the spindle carriage toward the work. As the carriage moves, lug |60 will pass over the pawl stop without effect and, on reaching a position defined as one limit of the stroke by the member |51,will engage that member and force the stop bar to the left. In this position of the stop bar, the reversinggvalve will be actuated to reverse the direction of rotation ofthe cable drum with a consequent reversal of direction of motion of thespindle carriage. When the lug |60 now engages the pawl stop, the stop bar will be forced to the right and the direction of the movement of the spindle carriage will again be reversed. The function of the pawl stop is to define the limit of the stroke toward the retracted position of the tool, and, once the machine is started, the carriage will be reciprocated within the limits defined by this stop and member |51.

When the honing tool is to be withdrawn from the work, the manually operated control lever |50 is pulled forward, thereby rotating the stop bar .and moving the pawl stop |59 out of the path of lug |60. The carriage will then be moved back to its retracted position with the tool entirely withdrawn from the work and resting in the supporting sleeve 81. 'I'he release of the lever |50 will permit the stop bar and pawl stop to bc moved back into their normahpositions.

under the influence of spring operated plungers |6| which bear against the ends of a cross member |6|-1 fast onthe stop bar |49 as shown' in Fig. 1a.

It will be noted also, that the manual control levr |48 is adapted for connection to the stop bar by means of a link |48EL and pin |48b. This connection is required only when a new work piece is being set up in the machine and enables the operator to manually control the extent of tool movement during the setting up process. During the operating period of the machine, the pin |48h may be withdrawn so that the lever |48 will not be required to follow the movements of the Stop bal.

The operation of the reversing valve 59 under,

control of the stop bar will be most readily seen by referring to Fig. 7 of the drawings. The valve operating link |52 is provided with two piston enlargements |62 and |63' forireciproca'tion in the valve cylinder. With the stop bar shifted to the left, as shown, the pistons |62 and |63 will dene an annular chamber connecting the pressure fluid duct |40 with a duct |64 leading to one side of the motor 56. At the same time, the upper surface of the piston |63 will deflnea cylindrical chamber connecting a duct |65 leading from the other side of the motor with a discharge duct |65a which is lconnected to the main discharge duct |42. Pressure iluid supplied to the motor through the hydraulic circuit lbove described will cause the motor lto rotate its shaft in the direction required to drive the spindle carriage to retracted position.

As the spindle carriage approaches retracted position, the lug |60 will engage the stop member |59 therebyl forcing the stop bar and cam plate to the right. Link |52, accordingly, will shift and position the pistons |62 and |63 so that duct |65 will be connected with pressure duct |40 and duct |64 will be connected with discharge duct I 42. This will cause motor 56 to rotate its shaft so as to drive the spindle carriage in the opposite direction.

'I'he spindle carriage of the machine disclosed herein is required to operate through a relatively long stroke in operating on long cylinders. Since the spindle driving motor is mounted on the carriage, it too will reciprocate which makes it necessary to provide a very flexible and durable connection over which to supply electric current to the motor. 'I'his connection takes the form, in the present instance, of the flexible cable |8 adapted to be wound up on the drum 45 adjacent the cable 64 as the spindle carriage is moved toward the retracted position. The cable I8 is anchored to the drum as atl |66 and the three conductors enclosed therein are respectively connected with concentrically disposed contact rings |61 (Figs. 2 and 6). The rings are supported coaxially of the drum by an insulating plate |68 (Fig. 6) rigidly attached at one end of the drum. A set of brushes |69 engaging the rings provide electrical contact with the conductors of a feed cable |10 which terminates at the switching contacts to be described hereinafter.

The electrical circuits of the spindle motor |1, coolant pump motor |I and pressure uid pump motor 60 are shown schematically in Fig. 7 of the drawings. The spindle motor |1 and coolant pump motor |0| are connected in multiple, and the individual conductors extending thereto are connected to respective terminals of the switch 1|. The conductors |12 of the incoming power line are connected by branch conductors |13 with corresponding terminals of the switch. A solenoid |14 provided with a series of switch closing members |15 connects the respective conductors when the solenoid is energized. The solenoid is further provided with a switch closing member |16 for completing a locking circuit for itself. The circuit of the solenoid includes a normally open switch |11 closed by a contact member actuated by the push button |21. This circuit also includes a normally closed switch |18 closed by a contact member actuated by push button |28.

Referring backl to the description of the manual control mechanism, it will be recalled that the 'inward and outward movement of the control opens switches |15 and |16. The motors are thus stlarted and stopped under control of the lever 3.

The oil pump motor 60 is connected with branch conductors |19 leading to the power line |12 by switches |80 operated under control of a solenoid |8|. This solenoid is provided with a circuit similar to that above described for solenoid 114. The circuit is initially closed by a push button operated start switch |82 and the solenoid locks over a circuit including its own switch |83. The solenoid is deenergized and the pump motor stopped incident to the opening of push button operated stop switch |84.

In operating the machine herein described, the cylinder or tube 82 to be operated on is placed in the work holders and adjusted to the proper position with respect to the tool 38. The tool supporting sleeve 9| is then moved into tight abutment with the work and is clamped in this position by means of the clamp screw 95. After the stop members |51, |58 and |59 have been appropriately positioned on the stop bar, the pressure fluid pump motor 60 is started by the actuation of the start push` button |82. The spindle drive motor |1 and coolant pump motor |0| are then started by momentarily pushing the manual control lever I3 forward, that is, toward the machine to actuate the push button |21. At the same time, the lever I3 may be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction thereby operating the piston valve |38 to direct pressure fluid to the fluid motor which thereupon rotates the cable drum in a direction to move the spindle carriage toward the work. As the tool enters the work, the lug |60 on the spindle carriage passes over the pawl stop |59 which then becomes effective to limit the rearward movement of the spindle carriage. The tool is advanced into the work until the lug |60 on the spindle carriage engages the front stop member |51 and shifts the stop rod |49 to the left. The stop rod, through the medium of the cam plate |51 actuates the reversing valve 59 as hereinbefore described, thereby reversing the direction of the fluid motor 56. The fluid motor, accordingly, rotates the cable drum in a directionto move the spindle carriage away from the work. The limit of return movement of the carriage is now defined by the paw] stop |59 which is engaged by the lug |69 on the spindle carriage before the tool 38 is withdrawn from the work. The stop bar is thereby shifted to the right and actuates the reversing valve in the manner hereinbefore described to again effect the movement of the tool into the work. Since the spindle motor |1 is rotating the spindle, the tool is, accordingly, reciprocated and rotated within the tube being worked upon.

The honing stones carried by the tool are thus enabled to produce a smooth true surface on the interior of the tube. l

When the honing operation is finished, the attendant will cause the honing tool to be withdrawn from the work bypulling the lever |50 forward to move the pawl stop |59 out of the path of the lug |50 on the spindle carriage. The spindle carriage will accordingly return to its retracted position and, when it has reached this position, the attendant will stop further reciprocating movement by rotating lever ||3 in a clockwise direction. The actuation of the lever ||3 in this manner eiTects the operation of the stop valve 58 which stops the fluid motor 56 and, incidentally, the carriage driving cable drum.

-The spindle and coolant pump motors may be stopped at this time by pulling lever ||3 forward thereby operating the stop push button |28 which controls the motor circuits. Scratching or otherwise marring the work as the tool is retracted therefrom is prevented by the tool guiding sleeve 9| which maintains the tool in proper alinement with the work. The fiber supporting ring 44, which ts snugly into the sleeve 9| supports the weight of the tool and serves as a guide for the same until the tool is Withdrawn sufciently so that the fiber members 4| engage the wall of the sleeve and take over the support and guidance of the tool.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that the present invention provides a novel arrangement of mechanisms constituting an improved honing -machine of minimum dimensions consistentwith the character of the tubes or cylinders to be worked on, which is smooth and shockless in operation, is easily and conveniently controlled, and which is efficient in use.

I claim as my invention:

l. A honing machine comprising, in combination, an elongated horizontally disposed frame, a carriage mounted on one end of the frame for relative movement longitudinally thereof, a spindle rotatably supported on the carriage, work holding means supported on the other end of said frame for holding the Work coaxially with the spindle, a honing tool attached to said spindle and adapted to enter the work, a drum supported at said one end of the frame, a sheave supported at a point intermediate the two ends of the -frame, a cable anchored at one end to said drum and at the other end to said carriage and running over said sheave, a second cable anchored at one end to said drum and at the other end to said carriage, said second cable being wound on the drumin such manner that it is paid out when said rst mentioned cable is being wound on the drum, and means -for rotating said drum.

2. A honing machine comprising, in combination, a horizontally disposed frame, work supporting means on one end of the frame, a spindle supporting carriage mounted on the other end of the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a cable drum supported at one end of the frame, a cable passing over said drum and-attached. to said carriage, means for rotating said drum to alternately reel up and pay out said cable to reciprocate said carriage on said frame, and yieldable means operatively associated with said cable for absorbing the shock incidental to the ,reversal of the direction of carriage movement.

3. A honing machine comprising, in combination, a frame, Work holding means on one end of said frame, a spindle supporting carriagev mounted on the other end of said frame, a cable drum supported at said other 'en d of the frame, a sheave supported intermediate the ends of the frame, a cable connected to said carriage and passing over said sheave and said drum, a second cable connected to said carriage and passing over said drum, said cables being alternately wound up and paidout incidental to the drum rotating in one direction or the other to reciprocate the spindle carriage, and a fluid motor for rotating said drum in either direction.

4. A honing machine comprising, 1n combination, a frame, a carriage mounted on the frame for relative movement longitudinally thereof, a spindle journaled on the carriage and movable therewith, means at one end of the frame for supporting a tube to be worked on concentrically of the axis of the spindle, a honing tool adapted to enter the tube and having a shank secured to said spindle, means for rotating the-spindle, and means for reciprocating the spindle including a cable, a drum for alternately reeling up and payingV out the cable, a yieldably supported sheave for taking up the slack in the cable, and means for alternately rotating said drum in opposite directions.

5. A mechanism for reciprocating the tool supporting carriage of a machine tool comprising,

l 'cable attached to the carriage-and passing over said sheave -to said drum and adapted to be ,wound on the drum incident to its rotation in a counter-clockwise direction to move the carriage away from the drum.

6. A mechanism for reciprocating a tool supporting v,carriage on the bed of a machine tool comprising, in combination, a cable drum supported on one end of the' bed, a fluid motor for rotating said drum alternately vin clockwise 'and counter-clockwise direction, a cable attached to the carriage and aiiapted to be wound on the rection to move the carriage toward said drum,

a lever pivotally supported intermediate the ends of the bed, a sheave supported on one arm of said lever, a spring member attached to the other arm of the lever and adapted to exert a force tending to move said one arm of the lever and said sheave farther from said drum,v and a second cable adjustably attached tothe carriage, passing over said sheave and adapted to be wound on said drum incident to its rotation in a counter-clockwise direction to move 'the carriage toward said sheave.

7 A mechanism for reciprocating the tool supporting carriage on the bed of a honing machine comprising, in combination, cables attached to the carriage, a drum adapted to alternately Wind up one ofthe cables and unwind the other of the cables, a reversible rotary' uid motor drivingly connected to said drum, a pressure fluid pump for supplying pressure fluid to said motor, a valve interposed between said pump and said motor for regulating the delivery of pressure fluid to the motor to control its direction of rotation, andA ly thereof. a spindle journaled on said carriage and movable therewith, a motor supported on said carriage and having a driving connection with said spindle, means at one end of the frame for supporting a piece of work to be operated on, a honing tool adapted to enter the Work on said supporting means and having a shank secured to said spindle, means for reciprocating the carriage including a cable drum rotated alternately in clockwise and counter-clockwise directions, a current supplying cable comprising electrical conductors connected to said motor and adapted to be wound on the cable drum incident to itsrotating in the direction-for moving the carriage toward the drum, a plurality of annular members terminating the conductors of said cable and supported on one cndof the drum concentrically with the axis of the drum, and means for connecting said conductors with a source of current including a plurality of stationarily supported brushes engaging said annular members.

-9. In a honing machine, the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a tool supporting spindle rotatably mountedon'said carriage, means for supporting work in position for operation thereon by the tool, atool supporting and guiding member having an opening adapted to receive the tool, means providing-ways for supportingsaid guiding member, means 'for moving said member toward and from said work including a manually rotatable pinion journaled on said ways anda rack formed Y' on the member, and manually operable means on said member for preventing movement thereof.

l0. In a honing machine, the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a tool supporting spindle rotatably mounted on said carriage and movable therewith, means for supporting. work in position for operation thereon bythe tool,a member having an opening adapted to receive and support the tool adjacentthe work and to guide the same into the work, means supporting sa-id member for movement longitudinally of said spindle, means for moving said' member into abutment withy the work including the pinion journaledin said supporting means and a rack carried by the member, and means for locking said member in position to prevent its movement away from the work.

.11. In a honing machine, the combination of a 75 bed, a carriage mounted on the bed for movement longitudinally thereof, a motor for reciprocating said carriage, a tool supporting spindle journaled on said carriage and movable therewith, a motor for rotating said spindle, a manual control lever supported on said bed for movement in two planes relative to the axis of the bed, means actuated responsive to the movement of said lever through an arc in a plane parallel to the axis of the bed for controlling the operation of said carriage reciprocating motor, and means actuated in response to the movement of said lever through an arc in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the bed for controlling said spindle rotating motor.

l2. In a honing machine, the combination of a frame, a carriage mounted on said frame for reciprocating movement thereon, a rotatable tool supporting spindle journaled on said carriage, a manual control lever supported on said frame for movement in two intersecting planes, means actuated in response to the movement of said lever through an arc in one plane for controlling the rotation of said tool supporting spindle, and means actuated in response to the movement of said lever through an arc in the other plane for controlling the reciprocation of said carriage.

13. A manual controlling mechanism for a machine tool comprising, in combination, a sleeve rotatably mounted on the frame of the tool, a shaft extending through said sleeve transversely of the frame, means in said sleeve tending to maintain said shaft in an intermediate position in the sleeve, a lever supported on said sleeve for movement in a plane perpendicular to the aids of the sleeve to rotate the sleeve and for movement in a plane parallel to the axis of the sleeve to reciprocate said shaft against the action of said maintaining means, and machine controlling means actuated in response to the movements of said sleeve and said shaft.

14. A manual controlling mechanism for a machine tool comprising, in combination, a sleeve rotatably supported on the frame of the tool, a shaft extending through said sleeve and supported for reciprocation therein, a manual control'lever mounted on said sleeve for rotating the sleeve and reciprocating said shaft, and machine controlling means independently actuated by said sleeve and said shaft incidental to the rotation and reciprocation thereof, respectively, said controlling means including a first electrical switch actuated in response to the movement of the shaft in one direction, a second electrical switch actuated lin response to the movement of the shaft in the other direction and valve mechanism actuated in response to the rotation of said sleeve.

l5. A manual control mechanism for a machine tool comprising, in combination, a tubular sleeve rotatably supported on the frame of the machine. an outwardly extending projection on one end of said sleeve, a collar having an upwardly extending arm rigidly clamped on the other end of the Sleeve, a valve controlling link pivoted on said. arm, a shaft extending through the sleeve and having opposed spring members engaging spaced collars on the sleeve for positioning thev shaft transversely with respect to the sleeve, spaced collars fast on the outer endof said shaft, a switch controlling member engaged by 'Itheother end of said shaft, a manual control lever supported on a bearing carried by said projection on the sleeve, said bearing being disposed eccentrically with respect to the axis of the sleeve to provide leverage for the rotation of the sleeve incident to the movement of the lever in a plane transversely of the axis of the sleeve, and an arm projecting downwardly from said lever between the spaced collars on the outer end of the shaft, operative responsive to themovement of the lever on its supporting bearing for reciprocating the shaft in opposition to the force exerted by said spring members.

16. In a honing machine, in combination, a frame, a tool spindle carriage movably supported on said frame, and means for rapidly reciprocating said carriage with substantially instantaneous, shockless reversal at each end of its stroke, said means comprising a rotary fluid motor, a quick reverse valve mechanism controlling the operation of the motor, a cable drum driven by the motor, a flexible cable connecting the drum and the carriage, and means controlled by the carriage for operating said valve mechanism.

1'7. In a honing machine, in combination, a frame, ways carried by the frame, a tool spindle carriage supported for reciprocation on said Ways, and means for rapidly reciprocating said carriage on said ways with substantially instantaneous, shockless reversal at the end of each of its strokes, said means comprising a uid motor, a pressure fluid pump, and an electric motor for driving the pump, a quick reverse valve mechanism interposed between the pump and the fluid motor for controlling the direction of rotation of the motor, a rotary element driven alternately in opposite directions by the fluid motor, flexible driving means operatively connecting said element with the spindle carriage, and means controlled by the spindle carriage for actuating said valve mechanism. l

18. In a honing machine, in combination, a reciprocating carriage, a spindle journaled at one end on said carriage and carrying a honing tool at its other end, means for supporting work to be operated on by said tool, means for reciprocating said carriage to advance the tool into operative engagement with the work and to withdraw the tool from the work, and means for supporting the tool in withdrawn position and for guiding the tool into the work, said tool supporting means including an elongated member disposed substantially parallel to the axis of the tool spindle adjacent the tool supporting end thereof, means supporting said member for enda wise movement relative to the spindle, manually operable means for moving said member in either direction to adjustA its position relative to the work, and means-for locking the member in adjusted position. A

19. In a machine for dressing cylindrical surfaces, in combination, a frame, a cylindrical abrasive tool, a support on said frame for said tool, a support on said frame for work to be operated on by said tool, a cable drum supported at onel `to the drum rotating in one direction or the f other to reciprocate said one'Y support relative to the other sup-port, and a fluid motor for rotating said drum in either direction.

20. In a machine for dressing cylindrical surfaces, in combination, a cylindrical abrasive tool, a support on said frame for said tool, a support on said frame for, work to be operated onby said tool, and means for reciprocating one of said supports relative to the other support with substantially shockless reversal at each end of its stroke, said means comprising a rotary fluid motor, a quick reverse valve mechanism controlling the operation of the motor, a cable drum driven by the motor, a ilexiblecable connecting the drum and the reciprocating support, and means controlled by the reciprocating support for operating said valve mechanism.

21. A mechanism for effecting relative reciprocatory movement between the Work support and the tool support of a machine for dressing cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination, cables attached to one of said supports, a drum adapted to alternately wind up one of the cables and unwind the other cable, a reversible rotary uid motor drivingly connected to said drum, a pressure iluid pump for supplying pressure iluid to said motor, a valve interposed between said pump and said motor for regulating the delivery of pressure uid to the motor to control its direction of rotation, and control means actuated by the reciprocating support for controlling said valve.

22. The combination in a machine tool having a Work support and a tool support, of means for reciprocating one of said supports relative to the other support with substantially instantaneous,

shockless reversal at the end of each stroke comprising, a cable drum, driving means including quick reversing means for rotating said drum rst in one direction and then in the other. direction, cables connected to opposite sides of the reciproeating support and extending to said drum, said cables being pulled alternately in opposite directions in response to the rotations of said drum, and means included in said mechanism for cushioning the shock incident to the reversal of the direction of rotatio-nof said drum.

23. In a honing machine, the combination of an elongated frame, a carriage mounted on said frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a spindle journaled at one end on said carriage and movable therewith, a honing tool secured to the other end of said spindle, supporting means for holding work to be operated on by said tool, means for reciprocating said carriage to traverse the tool across the Work, a spindle driving motor on. said carriage for rotating the spindle and tool to cause the tool to operate on the work, and means `for supplying operating -current to said motor while said carriage is reciprocating comprising a current supply cable including a plurality of electrical conductors connected to said motor, a cable drum supported at one end of said frame adapted to be rotated in opposite directions for winding up and paying out said cable to maintain the cable taut while the carriage is reciprocating, a plurality of contact members, one

for each conductor of said cable, said contact members being supported at one end of said drum l for rotation therewith, and means for connecting said contact members with a source of current including a plurality of stationarily supported 

